LABORATORY OF BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS 

ABOUT THE LABORATORY

The laboratory was established in 1985 under the name of "Biochemical basis of Host-Parasit Interactions" laboratory at the initiative of Professor Musa Abdurahman oghlu Musayev, Academician of ANAS, Doctor of Veterinary sciences. Until 2007, the laboratory was headed by Doctor of Biological sciences, Professor Yagub Yamin oghlu Yolchiyev, then ruled by Elshad Ilyas oglu Ahmadov, Ph.D. in Biological sciences, until the beginning of 2017. In March 2017, the "Protistology" and "Biochemical bases of Host-Parasit Interactions" laboratories, operating within the "Protozoology" department were merged under the name "Protozoology" laboratory. In 2022, the laboratory separated from the "Protozoology" laboratory and started operating under the name "Biochemistry of Host-Parasit Interactions" laboratory. The laboratory is headed by Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor Ahmadov Elshad Ilyas oglu.

Currently, 7 individuals employ in the laboratory. 2 of them are doctors of biological sciences, 3 are PhDs in Biological sciences, one is a junior researcher, and another one is a senior laboratory assistant.

BASIC ACTIVITY DIRECTIONS OF THE LABORATORY

Study of biochemical, molecular-genetic and immunological aspects of host-parasit relations, arising during parasitoses;

Study of the mechanism of action of drugs used against the causative agents of intestinal parasites;

Study of the structural, biochemical, molecular-genetic and immunological aspects of the parasite-host interactions, arising at different stages of the life cycle of parasites;

Study of formation ways of faunal diversity of unicellular and multicellular endoparasites found in animals and birds;

Study of the species composition of the parasitic fauna of animals and birds, biochemical and genetic aspects of the formation processes of the parasitic fauna;

Preparation of the scientific basis of the fight against parasitosis.

BASIC SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE LABORATORY

Some components of metabolism in parasites, belonging to the genera Eimeria and Sarcocystis and their hosts in domestic chickens, sheep, and buffaloes, have been comparatively widely studied. As a result of these studies, the mechanisms of coccidian influence on the metabolism of the host were theoretically justified, the similarities and differences of the "parasite-host" system according to biochemical indicators were defined, and the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of anti-eimeriosis drugs were developed. The amount of total protein, protein fractions, free amino acids, lecithin, cholesterol and total fats in the blood, nitrogen indicators in the liver, activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the intestine were studied during the disease and treatment.

The effect of some alkyl derivatives of amino acids (N-amidopropylglycine, N-amidopropylmethionine and N-vinylchloromethionine) on the course of coccidiosis in domestic chickens (Eimeria tenella) was studied and it was determined that alkyl derivatives prevent the decrease of total protein and separate protein fractions in blood serum and liver, accelerates the growth of globulins, regulates the activity of aminotransferase and dehydrogenase enzymes, the percentage of survival and weight gain of chicks.

As a result of the conducted research, "Method of purification of coccidian cultures", "Method of determining the therapeutic activity of drugs used against coccidiosis" were invented, the research works entitled as "Monoethyl ether" with bactericidal and antiparasitic effect of REOR - 49 N-cyanethyl b, b/-dithiobis (a-amino-propion), and "Increasing the productivity of birds reared in closed conditions” were obtained patent. Up to 30 practical measures, temporary instructions aimed at diagnosis, prevention and elimination of eimeriosis of agricultural animals and birds were prepared, the results of theoretical work were applied in production.

For the first time in veterinary medicine, it was determined that alkyl derivatives of amino acids have an anti-eimeriosis effect, based on the biochemical indicators of the host animals, their survival, weight gain, and the parasite's reproduction, it was substantiated that amino acid derivatives can be a promising drug in the fight against eimeriosis of birds.

Changes in amino acid metabolism and the activity of enzymes from the transaminase group during the treatment of experimental eimeriosis (E. tenella) of domestic chickens and its treatment with Baycox preparation and its medicinal plants were determined, and some issues of the biochemical nature of the parasite-host interactions were theoretically substantiated. Schemes of using the combination of baycox and bitter wormwood in the treatment of eimeriosis of domestic chickens were proposed, and the tolerance of local chicken breeds to coccidia was studied.

The extent and intensity of infection with sarcosporides, the changes in the protein metabolism of the host-parasite, depending on the breed, sex, age and storage conditions of sheep in the regions of Azerbaijan, which differ from each other due to their physical and geographical characteristics, were studied.

The IR, UV-VIS spectra of bee venom, the effect of temperature on the spectral properties of the venom were studied. The activity of phospholyrase A and hyaluronidase in bee venom was investigated. 

The species composition, extensiveness and intensity of infection of balantids and coccidia parasitizing domestic pigs in the Greater Caucasus region of Azerbaijan were studied.

The species composition of the coccidiofauna of domestic birds - goose (Anser anser domesticus), turkey (Meleagridis dallopavano), duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) and quail belonging to the genus Coturnix was determined. 19 species of cocci were identified in poultry, 13 species of these parasites were found for the first time in Azerbaijan. Protein content of E. bateri oocysts, activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate- and alanine amino-transferase enzymes were studied. In goats, 7 types of coccidis, and in sheep, 8 types of Eimeria, and 1 type of Isospora sp. was discovered. Theileria ovis parasite was found in the stage of schizogony in blood lymphocytes of sheep, S. cruzi from muscles and Babesia sp. belonging to Piroplasma genus from blood of cows.

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